Friday, 11 February 2011

INDEX OF CONTENTS

(from top to bottom)

Final Products
  • Evaluation
  • Final Product
  • Print Artifacts
Further Research
  • Channel Four Television Corporation Research
Documentary
  • Proposal Three
  • Codes & Conventions of a Documentary
  • Research Analysis, Questionnaire Three
Film Trailer
  • Proposal Two
  • Codes & Conventions of a Film Trailer
  • Research Analysis, Questionnaire Two
Music Video
  • Proposal One
  • Codes & Conventions of a Music Video
  • Research Analysis, Questionnaire One
Textual Analyses

Music Videos

  • Blink 182 - Stay Together for the Kids
  • My Chemical Romance - Teenagers
  • Eminem ft Rihanna - Love the Way You Lie
  • Johnny Cash - Hurt
Documentaries
  • Tyson: The Movie
  • The Men Who Jump Off Buildings
  • My Dad The Serial Killer
  • Britain's Fattest Man

Friday, 4 February 2011

Evaluation


QUESTION ONE
In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge the codes and conventions of real media products?

My media product uses, develops and challenges the codes and conventions of real media products in a variety of ways.
Using my audience research (see Questionnaire Three – Documentary), my main product was produced in a manner to apply several tropes expected by my prospective audience to be seen throughout similar industry articles. Firstly, I included only a singular narrator, a convention stipulated by every documentary reviewed in my technical analyses. Alongside this narration, I also featured music, once again something featured in almost all of the analysed texts as well as expected by those who responded to my questionnaire. This music was chosen to be a purely instrumental version of a popular song, so as to avoid lyrics interrupting the flow of narration. Aside from sound, my documentary featured several other similarities to real media products. Several shots of an area taken using a variety of camera angles, as well as key establishing shots of banks in particular, were shown initially to establish topic. This also coincided with the information supplied by narration. This continued to narrow towards more specific imagery, namely shots of labouring in shops, correlating with the narrating facts supplied regarding unemployment. Following this, statistics were portrayed as evidence to supply weight to the argument of the narration, taken from a reliable source. This is a common technique in both media products and written discourse to act as a persuasive technique, rather than have the supplied opinions passed off as nothing but speculation. I also included an interview, featuring captioned questioning and a vocal introduction of the interviewee. The documentary was concluded within the time-scale of this interview, which was filmed in static medium shots, which might be debatably untraditional. My logic behind this decision to keep camera movement during the interview to a minimum was to both apply a more dramatic tension, as well as to boost prospective focus towards the dialogue rather than any visual stimulation. This choice was similar to my decision to film the vast majority of my product using the camera hand-held – perhaps unconventional, although my argument for this decision would be that I intended to supply a less corporate or clinical perspective to the issue, an issue that involves and applies most prominently to the general public, using hand-held footage to place the viewer in the midst of proceedings.

My print artefacts were arguably less conventional, particularly the spread for the Television Listings magazine. This somewhat abstract design was however intentionally unconventional, intended to draw the focus of any perspective reader flicking through the magazine casually, expanding my target audience significantly towards those who might previously have never heard of the product in question. This bold design was achieved by an abstract border and stark black and white contrasting. Conventionally, the magazine spread features a large title and images relating to the show, as well as Channel 4 specific facts in black blocks for those merely intending to skim the main body of text, as well as the date being featured in the top corner of each border.

My second print artefact was conventional in many aspects. It featured the title of the show, the date, a relative image and the time of the anticipated broadcast. It was designed to incorporate the same font as featured on the Channel 4 website. Its imagery, although unconventional in itself perhaps, was abstract and peculiar enough to stand out amidst many other blander designs, as well as to remain within the limitations of many other Channel 4 advertising campaigns – often noticeably more edgy and arguably varied than those of competing broadcasters.


QUESTION TWO
How effective is the combination of your main artefact and your ancillary products?

My two print artefacts in particular feature many similarities retaining the common theme. An image previously discarded as a stand alone advertisement was recovered and placed on the right hand side of my magazine spread, a correlation clear yet varied between the two in their finished forms. Alongside this comparison, they both feature the conventional Channel 4 font, not only an effective combination between both artefacts, but with the broadcaster itself. The title and date/time of broadcast is shown clearly in both, more abstractly in the advertisement arguably.
With regards to the effectiveness of their combination with my main product, the documentary in question, I would say that the three products work well as a whole package in general. The prospective audience of the Four Network, Channel 4 included, is that of teenagers upwards, and although my product doesn’t capitalize on the lower end of that spectrum, the use of bold imagery on both of my print artefacts correlates well with the use of a relatively young narrator. The main product feature’s quick edits and fast-paced narration to maintain the theme of a young-adult oriented audience, as does my limited usage of wording in my magazine layout, as well as the utilization of more contemporary font styles in all three of my products.
My print artefacts both feature imagery that might arguably be particularly publicly accessible – a calculator being an item that practically everyone within the UK has at some point used, and thus immediately identifies connotations of mathematics, therefore only a logical step away from the economy given the tabloids of recent years. This style of blunt, straight-forward presentation – the product is what it is - might well be said to be reflected in the styling of my documentary, featuring little by way of special effects or convolution in general.

QUESTION THREE
What did you learn from the audience feedback regarding your product?

My main product, as well as ancillary products, received generally positive feedback on a whole. Few suggestions for improvement were unviable – an example of one that was being to film a second interview, impractical both due to time constraint and with regard to the product planning. One suggestion was made to suggest a more meagre usage of transitional effects between slides to supply greater professionalism, which was taken on board, several being removed entirely, or otherwise replaced with simpler transitions such as fades and slides. This was done in order to better appeal towards the codes and conventions of a documentary, as the majority of the product did so and to have a stand-alone feature such as transitions be unconventional created a less fluent production overall. Another criticism that I initially perceived to be an unviable suggestion was to improve the framing and presentation of shots by greater capitalizing on the use of a tripod in order to steady the filming. Despite filming further footage being an option unavailable at that point, this issue was addressed by feathering the majority of the frames, giving a slight blur to each edge and supporting the intention of the hand-held camera work to begin with – that it was done so intentionally rather than by way of simply lacking the required equipment.
A second response to review was to simply alter the order in which several clips were shown, creating a more innovative approach to information representation in response to the comment that greater imagination was required to bolster the product’s impact.
Little criticism was made of either of the two print artefacts, although a noticeable suggestion was that both could be brightened, which on reflection was a valid criticism and easily one easily rectified.

QUESTION FOUR
How did you use media technologies in the construction and research, planning and evaluation stages?

The incorporation of a vast variety of media technologies was essential to the success of the production process.
One of the most prominent uses of technology within the planning and research stages was the creation of the blog by creating an account on blogger.com, or otherwise adding an all new blog to a previous account. This was followed by the decision on which design template to feature in order to supply the greatest aesthetic relevance and effect, as well as the alterations made personally to the pre-existent template to better showcase my planning and research, for example font colours and styles.
Several of my technical analyses were produced with the assistance of both Youtube and 4oD, accessed to view the content I wished to assess. Several clips from Youtube were also embedded onto the blog itself with relation to their analysis, using the code supplied beneath the video itself. Static images were uploaded using blogspot’s internal upload system, and positioned similarly in accordance to my own aesthetic preferences. Several of these images were themselves found by way of the internet after performing a Google Image Search, saved from their onto the computer, and from that point uploaded to the host blog.
Construction relied almost entirely on the use of several technological aspects. The footage for my main product was filmed using a mini DV tape and a digital camera. From there, it was uploaded onto a computer by use of a tape-deck and the Log & Capture system, in which unwanted footage is easily discarded and separate from footage I wished to keep and utilize in my production. This footage was then edited by the usage of Adobe Final Cut Pro, using the internal toolkit to manipulate, position and essentially alter my recordings from raw footage to a viable production. This was enhanced by the use of many transitional and filter effects supplied by the programme itself, including the incorporation of text.
Once again by way of Youtube, the song featured throughout the first half of my production was downloaded after being featured alongside a video. Using Adobe Soundtrack Pro, this track was separated into layers in order to remove the vocals yet sustain all instrumental contributions, and following this, the edited version was exported to ‘Final Cut Pro and incorporated into the production.
The original images for my print artefacts were found through the aforementioned Google Searching as well as directly copied and pasted from websites such as Channel 4’s own. This was also made possible by use of the print-screen key, from where they were pasted into Adobe Photoshop or Microsoft Paint respectively, reduced and trimmed of excess features using the Crop tool, and eventually exported to Photoshop. From there, several images created via the process noted above were collaborated, each forming a separate layer, and adjusted in terms of colour, contrast, brightness and definition, as well as use of the Eraser, Paintbrush and Pencil tools for minor alterations. Several of these individual images were also altered using the Effects available, for example to take on a more artistic and stylized aesthetic, also achieved by use of the Liquefy tool in which certain edges were drawn out and blurred, essentially to supply better cohesion between otherwise contrasting images. Eventually, each of these individual images where combined, Grouped to form a New Smart Object, and saved as two file types; the first, an Adobe Photoshop Image, being of a higher pixel quality but, thusly, a far larger file, and the second, as Jpegs, far smaller files and of a generally lesser quality, although more practical due to the upload limits of images intended to be featured on my blog. Several of these images, drafts of my print artefact, were also converted to jpegs in order to better function on Microsoft Computers and transported by saving them to a memory stick.
The various aspects of the evaluation process have required technological contributions in many ways; the embedding of images onto the blog to correspond with topics of current discussion, for example, another being altering each of my individual products after audience feedback.
The progression of skills required regarding technology has also been substantial. To produce each product to the desirable standard, improved knowledge of image manipulation was required, both through familiarity and understanding of the many available options within Photoshop as well as a greater comprehension of the inner workings of Final Cut Pro. Without substantial progression with regards to my knowledge of either of the above, the eventual outcome would undeniably have been significantly worse.












Tuesday, 1 February 2011

Print Artifacts

Here is the final design for one print artifact, as stipulated by the design brief.


The first is intended as a small newspaper advert, similar to a flier, to be embedded into a larger overall layout. It was created using photoshop through a variety of techniques. Initially, the image of a calculator was found via Google Search, and pasted as a new layer into a pre-existent photoshop canvas. A second image, the Channel4 logo, was found similarly and pasted into the document, as was the Date of Broadcast.

Following this, I duplicated the original layer containing the calculator and began to erase the numbers in order to add my own text. Afterwards, using a combination of the magnetic lasso, eraser and paintbrush tools, the numbering on the face of the calculator was removed as the digits held no specific significance to the design. Once these various elements had been set into place, they were each edited using the contrast and brightness spectrum's to better fit, prior to being grouped into a New Smart Object and edited using the artistic design options, as well as heightening the strength of the magenta and lessening that of the cyan and yellow within the overall image to create the reddish hue. As well as this final design, I originally inverted the image to create the picture seen in the Magazine Layout.

A separate print artifact which was eventually discarded from the final production is featured below, created similarly via photoshop, incorporating an image of a pound coin against the photograph of an eye, replacing the iris, accompanied by stylization and darkening, as well as a border and text.


Both of the above designs were chosen specifically to correspond with the content of my main artifact, the documentary, themed around the economy, thus the calculator and coin iconography, as well as correlating with other similar designs in terms of style and content as advertisements for other programmes, including documentaries, previously broadcast on Channel 4.


The second print artifact was to be a double page spread within a TV listings magazine. The design process was largely different from that of the advertisement, namely being that it involved the incorporation of external elements to a lesser degree. The first step was to create a border, done simply using the paint tool and duplicating the image initially. Following this, using the liquify tool, the edges were blurred and drawn, creating a more artistic and original design, as well as separately drawing straight lines using the pencil tool, attaching those to points of the border, then via the liquify tool, blurring them to create matching tendrils. Following this, a separate image, created though a combination of other images incorporated to become a novel design along the binding theme of money, which was then minimized and placed into position within the layout, as was the inverted calculator image mentioned above. The logic behind this large, bold image encompassing the majority of the right page was to draw the attention of magazine readers who originally might merely have been flicking through pages, stating the date and time of the broadcast and giving subtle clues as to the programme's content.
The layout was finalized using another image common to the Channel 4 website - white text on black blocks standing out to state the facts at the heart of the show - the time, date (also featured along the border at the top as in the majority of magazines in general), as well as an idea of who might enjoy the programme based on previous viewing. The text was set into place around these images, namely the title in a noticeably different font and larger size along the top, concluding the design process.

Note that the above images are of a lesser quality due to being unable to upload their file size. Printed copies have been supplied.

Tuesday, 11 January 2011

Channel Four Television Corporation Research

The Channel Four Television Corporation currently broadcasts through Channel 4, Film4, E4 and 4Music, as well as several +1 channels, broadcasting identical schedules an hour after their original debut.


Initially founded in 1982, the Four network currently provides national broadcasting throughout the entirety of the United Kingdom as of 2010. Perhaps with Film4 aside, the Four network, particularly throughout the E4 channel's prime-time slots, is aimed towards a demographic between the mid teens up to the late thirties - considered the ages throughout which the majority of people watch the most television of their lives, retirement aside.
4Music, as is to be expected, hosts primarily shows either compiled of contemporary music videos or interviewing artists, whereas Film4, also as expected, shows films from the evening onwards, often along a similar theme throughout the week during the 9pm prime-time slot, for example a series of films created by the same director or of the same genre. Channel4 itself is perhaps the most diverse, hosting regular daytime television such as game-shows and news shows, until late evening at which point regular drama series, documentaries, comedy panel shows and occasionally films are broadcast. The similar tone throughout the entire network is somewhat innovative and maintains contemporary stylization, whether presently broadcasting comedy or tragedy, resolved to maintain and appease the target demographic of young adults. Several of the most-viewed American television series of the past several years have been broadcast exclusively on E4, such as the award-winning Desperate Housewives, the revamped 90210, and the recent sensation Glee, as well as some of the most infamous and controversial British programmes of the decade, for example Shameless, Big Brother and Skins.

Thursday, 23 December 2010

PROPOSAL THREE

PROPOSAL FOR DOCUMENTARY
FINAL PROPOSAL

My documentary is to be centred around the credit crunch, and to be officially titled "The Bust Up". After research into existing channels and previous documentaries, I opted that it would be broadcast on Channel 4 - often known to host both more edgy documentaries than the BBC and Five, in keeping with the underlying message of my product regarding the dire state of the economy and its effects on the British public. This issue was to be addressed in a manner accessible to the general public rather than towards a niche market of those intrinsically interested in economics and the political climate. This was to be achieved through methods such as a single narrator with a regional accent and a compilation of contemporary music throughout.
The central theme of my documentary was also in keeping with a string of other programmes broadcast over the past year on Channel 4, for example the popular The Fairy Jobmother series, portrayed in a similar light - an upbeat format used to convey a more serious message. Footage included scenes of the public to convey a sense of accessibility to the average viewer, spliced between images of ATM machines, bank exteriors and transactions. This archive-style footage leads towards clips of several business transactions, in correlation with the change in subject - the introduction leads towards the first part of the documentary, directly relating to unemployment and leading towards the interview with an employee of a branch of JobCentrePlus. The narration follows suit, alongside an accompanying soundtrack, the instrumental version of a contemporary song, the narration carrying the progressive slides towards a series of statistics, before fading to black, at which point a question appears without narration, prior to the interviewee's response. In terms of overall production, this form of presentation works extremely well and is inkeeping with the vast majority of documentaries - a static camera, medium-shot interview, interjected between footage of relevant locals and points of interest. The target audience would most likely range between the predominant ages expected to view the Channel 4 nine o'clock weekday slot, people between the ages of fifteen and thirty four years of age, largely due to their proximity to advertisements hosted on the network daily, although a print artefact, posted into local and regional newspapers, as well as a magazine spread, would boost circulation upwards towards anyone in theory - the subject of discussion holds relevence to such a wide range of ages that aside from children under the age of fiften, a documentary on the matter might well appeal.

Wednesday, 22 December 2010

Codes and Conventions of a Documentary

Documentaries, despite the sheer mass of variegating subjects documented, most often feature very clear tropes of the genre. Whether or not the tone differs entirely from others, almost every documentary sports the following conventions to some degree:


  • NARRATION Every documentary features a narrator, usually only one, to link together the source material in a manner suitable for presentation to the public.

  • FOOTAGE Footage of the evidential material is usually interjected prominently, providing both proof of the debated subject's validity, as well as visual guidance in direct correlation with the revealing of information via the commentary.

  • MUSIC Whether contemporary or more antiquated or simply themes attuned to the subject by design, music links together scenes in which the product focuses more on the visual portrayal than the audio presentation of information, allowing the audience to focus on information intake from only one source rather than both footage and narration.

  • INTERVIEWS Interviews, whether with experts or the public, serve to garner opinions on the topic from either those ignorant of it, thus gathering unbiased views, or with those in the debated field by profession, thus crediting weight to the argument.

Documentaries, aside from on the occasion of a mini- or full-series of similar documentaries, usually sustaining a narrator throughout, tend to be broadcast on anything from music-oriented channels to commercial and terrestrial broadcasts, once again variegating in accordance to the channel's target demographic in order to achieve the highest viewing figures.

Tuesday, 21 December 2010

RESEARCH ANALYSIS

QUESTIONNAIRE 3
DOCUMENTARY


Q Do you expect to hear only a single narrator throughout a documentary?
A

1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. No
6. Yes
7. Yes
8. Yes
9. Yes
10. Yes

Q Do you expect to hear contemporary songs throughout a documentary?
A

1. Yes
2. Yes
3. No
4. Yes
5. No
6. No
7. Yes
8. Yes
9. No
10. Yes

Q How long do you expect the average documentary to last?
A


1. An hour
2. Over an hour
3. An hour
4. Less than an hour
5. Over an hour
6. An hour
7. Less than an hour
8. An hour
9. An hour
10. An hour

Q Do you expect archived footage to be featured within a documentary?
A

1. Yes
2. No
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. No
6. Yes
7. No
8. Yes
9. Yes
10.No

Q How often do you watch documentaries in full?
A


1. Once a month
2. Less than once a month
3. Less than once a month
4. Les than once a month
5. Once a month
6. Less than once a month
7. Once a month
8. Once a month
9. Less than once a month
10. More than once a month

Q How many interviews do you commonly expect to see within a documentary?
A


1. Between one and five
2. Between five and ten
3. Between five and ten
4. Between one and five
5. Between one and five
6. Between five and ten
7. Between five and ten
8. Between one and five
9. Between five and ten
10. Between one and five

Q How important would you say the choice of narrator is in the production of a documentary?
A


1. Not very
2. Very
3. Very
4. Very
5. Not very
6. Very
7. Not very
8. Very
9. Not very
10. Very

Q Do you feel that documentary's generally supply the information you sought when you decided to view said documentary? Or are you often left with questions unanswered regarding the target subject?
A

1. Often left with questions unanswered.
2. Key points occasionally missed.
3. Key points occasionally missed.
4. Often left with questions unanswered.
5. Satisfied with information provided.
6. Often left with questions unanswered.
7. Satisfied with information provided.
8. Satisfied with information provided.
9. Key points occasionally missed.
10. Satisfied with information provided.

Q On a scale of one to ten, how original would you say the majority of documentaries you've viewed were in terms of format, with one being the least and ten the greatest level of originality?
A

1. Four
2. Three
3. Three
4. Two
5. Three
6. Five
7. Four
8. Two
9. Two
10. Six

Q Would you regard documentaries as more entertaining than informative, or vice versa?
A


1. More informative.
2. More informative.
3. More informative.
4. More entertainment.
5. More informative.
6. More entertainment.
7. More entertainment.
8. More informative.
9. More informative.
10. More informative.

The responses to question one led me to believe that the vast majority of viewers anticipate to hear a single narrator or host throughout a documentary rather than a number of alternating voices. The responses for question two were more varied, indicating that many people do anticipate contemporary music to be heard throughout a documentary, whereas many don't expect to hear any, although I suspect this relates more to the subject and tone of the individual documentary overall than a genre-spanning trope. Question three suggests that an hour is the ideal length of the modern documentary - although there were a difference of opinions, the results suggest that most people will view documentaries only on the guarantee of it lasting an hour or there-abouts. As a general opinion, question four suggested that almost all of those who've recently viewed documentaries expect some quantity of archived footage to appear and give context throughout. Question five indicated that the majority of a prospective audience view actually very few documentaries monthly, although this was an anticipated result. Question six vouched for the frequency of interviews within a documentary, suggesting that many interviewees regarding a certain subject offers a more comprehensive understanding and valid account. The results of question seven appeared to suggest, surprisingly, that only around half of prospective viewers give credit to the choosing of a narrator to the success of a production. Questions eight and nine were fairly cynical responses on a whole - the majority of those asked found that most documentaries failed to supply information that they'd have liked to hear, as well as that the majority of documentaries are extremely unoriginal, at least in terms of structure and format, as suggested by previous questions. The responses to question ten did validate that documentaries are still regarded largely as informative rather than as entertainment, although not by an overwhelming majority.

Sunday, 5 December 2010

PROPOSAL TWO

PROPOSAL FOR MOVIE TRAILER

The proposal for my film trailer was a concept drawn from both my research into existing products, and primary research in the form of the questionnaire below. The trailer was to last approximately thirty seconds, due to the design brief stating the product ought to be a teaser trailer, and was to advertise a psychological horror. This genre seemed most appealing as it required little editing beyond my computer capabilities and could be produced to a professional standard with only the resources available. It was intended to run through chronologically, similar to many of my personal favorite and several more progressive teaser trailers already produced, more a selected and compressed sequence than a montage of an entire film's footage, a decision based both around personal preference and, again, the limitations of the resources available to me, particularly in terms of editing software. It was to portray a moment of tension in which the protagonist awakes in the night to the unmistakable sounds of intrusion into her home. The appeal of this was to play upon a common fear for the majority of people, coupled with the lack of an obvious antagonist, channeling the prospective audiences fear of the unknown. In correlation to the tropes and conventions of the broad majority of cinematic trailers, a black backdrop would interject at intervals to portray the key credits and disclaimers, and an appropriately eerie exert of a music track, produced using Soundtrack Pro software. A key feature of the footage would be a distinct lack of clear light, yet again used to counter the limitations of my knowledge of computer generated imagery, as well as effectively play upon the innate fear of darkness many people share on some level. The sequence would reach a climax in which a silhouette of the enigmatic intruder would, in quick cuts in time with a rising tempo of the audio, approaching the camera, at which point a scream will ensue from the protagonist, before a cut to the fading title.

Saturday, 4 December 2010

Codes and Conventions of a Film Trailer

The most common forms of codes and conventions followed by the majority of film trailers, aside from the more abstract or "teaser" trailer, in which only a short, purposefully selected exert is shown months prior to an official release, are as follows:

  • VOICE-OVER The audiences anticipation is heightened by subtle but direct references to the subject material, introducing a key theme, plot or event portrayed alongside images, a single narrator reading in a complimentary tone to the product.

  • FOOTAGE Carefully selected, often extremely brief exerts are show, all within the limitations of a steady rhythm, to build a summary of the products in a manner, working alongside the narration to summarize and sell the film to its prospective audiences.

  • TITLES Nine times out of ten, writing in a complimentary font appears against a black backdrop, not necessarily in direct correlation with the narration, to promote both the product through brief snippets of information, as well as reveal the more prominent of those involved, for example a famous director.

Film trailers are almost always attached to other cinema products aimed at similar audiences in previews preemptive to a showing, as well as more concise versions broadcast on select channels; again, those with similar target demographics, although occasionally, as with cinema previews, simply featured due to the publicity gained through the prospective viewing figures. Not dissimilarly, trailers shown previous to films at the cinema are often those made by the same distributor, studio or director as the main feature.

Friday, 3 December 2010

RESEARCH ANALYSIS

QUESTIONNAIRE 2
MOVIE TRAILER



Q What makes a significant impact within a film trailer on whether or not you see the film?
A

1. Usage of soundtrack
2. Having read previews
3. Actors involved
4. Having read previews
5. Actors involved
6. Usage of soundtrack
7. Familiarity with genre
8. Having read previews
9. Reputation of director
10. Usage of soundtrack.

Q Where do you first hear about new cinema releases?
A

1. Website advertisements
2. Televised trailers
3. Televised trailers
4. Trailers at other cinema screenings
5. Televised trailers.
6. Trailers at other cinema screenings
7. Trailers at other cinema screenings
8. Televised trailers.
9. Website advertisements
10. Televised trailers

Q Do television trailers make a significant difference to the likeliness you'll watch a film?
A

1. Yes
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. No
5. Yes
6. No
7. No
8. No
9. Yes
10. No

Q How long do you expect the average televised film trailer to last?
A

1. Under a minute
2. Under a minute
3. Under a minute
4. Under thirty seconds
5. Under thirty seconds
6. Under a minute
7. Under a minute
8. Under thirty seconds
9. Under thirty seconds
10. Under thirty seconds

Q Would a poor trailer significantly deter you from seeing a film you'd previously been interested in watching?
A

1. No
2. No
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. Yes
6. No
7. Yes
8. No
9. Yes
10. Yes

Q How often do you watch film trailers online, if ever?
A

1. Less than once a month.
2. Once a month
3. Once a month
4. Once a week.
5. More than once a week
6. More than once a week
7. Once a month
8. Less than once a month
9. More than once a week.
10. Once a month

Q How important do you consider sound in the success of a film trailer?
A

1. Very
2. Not very
3. Very
4. Not very
5. Not very
6. Very
7. Very
8. Not very
9. Very
10. Not very

Q How often do you go to the cinema?
A

1. Once a week.
2. Once a month.
3. More than once a month.
4. Once a month.
5. More than once a month.
6. Once a month
7. Once a month
8. Once a month
9. More than once a month
10. Once a month

Q What genre was the last film you saw at the cinema?
A

1. Horror
2. Sci-fi
3. Horror
4. Horror
5. Horror
6. Sci-fi
7. Fantasy
8. Romantic Comedy
9. Fantasy
10. Action

Q Do you often watch movies online?
A

1. No
2. Yes
3. No
4. No
5. No
6. Yes
7. No
8. No
9. No
10. No

Analysis of the results from question one suggested a variety of factors were expected and valued within film trailers, predominately, although by only a small margin, the prior knowledge of the product gathered via previews, suggesting that a trailer could surprisingly do more harm than good to promote a product. The results of question two were equally varied, both televised and trailers attached to cinema screenings of other products portrayed as the two most common mediums through which to advertise via trailers. The results were split fairly evenly in terms of the actual importance on whether or not a consumer's decision would be affected by a trailer, correlating with the responses to question one that suggested prior knowledge was more important than the production of a quality trailer. Question four summarized that the majority of the audience anticipated the average trailer to last between thirty and sixty seconds, although this was unspecified to relate to either cinema-show or televised trailers. Question five once again suggested evidence that a trailer was less important than publicly surmised, whilst question six validated that the virtual usage of film trailers through mediums such as Youtube and other online video hosting websites weren't as useful or popular as televised and cinema-shown advertisements. Intriguingly, the results of question seven did not correlate those of the aforementioned questions, the overall opinion of how important the usage of sound was in a trailers production divided. Question eight offered the opinion that cinema going on average varied between once and three times a month person to person. Question nine rooted out that the Horror genre was the most frequented of cinema goers throughout the time prior to the survey's completion. The responses to question ten offered hope for the management of copyright infringement, suggesting only the minority of the public regularly watched full cinema releases online, legally or otherwise.

PROPOSAL ONE

PROPOSAL FOR MUSIC VIDEO

The concept for my music video was largely inspired by the lyrics of my selected song, the single KIDS by MGMT. The decision to work with this song initially came from a combination of both my audience research and an understanding of the available resources, using a combination of narrative and abstract footage to form a somewhat surreal overall product, both aspects focused around the theme of nostalgia and youth. Footage was to include the progressive, chronological narrative of four teenagers, enjoying themselves for the last time in he foreseeable future prior to their respective departures to separate Universities. Contrasted against this linear footage, abstract imagery including memorabilia of the average childhood and correlating flashbacks were to be interjected at the appropriate intervals. For example, as the narrative's protagonists approach a familiar locale, a flashback plays through involving the teenagers in the same location as children, remembering time spent their together. In accompaniment to this, the video was to be timed accurately against the drum-beats of the song, the tempo increase at each chorus apparent in the footage. The more cinematic narrative footage would be progressive throughout the course of their final day, beginning early and featuring a sunrise, and drawing to a close after dark. Also, editing features would be used to enhance both the narrative footage, to add a more spectacular or enchanting aesthetic in correspondence with the theme of celebration, as well as the somewhat surreal tone of the tune. Editing software would also be used to add a vintage, hazy effect to the nostalgic-flashbacks, both to suggest the passing of time, as well as add a more colourful and lively sense of the world as seen through the eyes of a child. Several examples of activities involved in the narrative would be the protagonists in a car heading to and from locations of significance - football where they would play as children, the local park they one frequented, all of which examples would also be featured in correlation in the more abstract flash-back portions of footage.

Tuesday, 5 October 2010

Codes and Conventions of a Music Video

Music videos follow far fewer tropes to one another than other media products, largely due to the differences between the songs and artists they promote. However, there are several clear distinctions that the majority will feature, largely defined by genre in terms of their conventionality:


  • THE ARTIST The vast majority of music videos feature the artist in question in one form or another, whether it be performing said song or involved in a synergistic narrative.

  • STYLIZATION Largely defined by genre, stylization supports music videos by drawing together the theme of the song with what's portrayed on screen. Rock music videos tend to be dimmer and less choreographed than pop videos for example, which generally feature the artist more prominently and are overall brighter in terms of aesthetic.

  • NARRATIVE Regardless of if the narrative is less prominent and might be better defined as a theme or tone, many music videos, as does much music, portray a short, sharp plot, and an almost anecdotal message.

Music videos are most prominently created for pop artists, being by nature the most popular genre, and thus often with most backing from record labels due to the prediction of sales, the music video itself a form of advertisement for the actual product - the song, not the other way around. Numerous television channels are devoted entirely to the broadcasting of music videos, often in the form of chart shows reflecting recent sales via download or the purchase of compact-discs.

Monday, 4 October 2010

RESEARCH ANALYSIS

QUESTIONNAIRE 1
MUSIC VIDEO


Q What do you commonly expect to see within a music video?
A



  1. attractive girls

  2. attractive girls

  3. fashion

  4. a clear theme

  5. the artist in question

  6. some form of dance

  7. musical performance

  8. a narrative

  9. fashion

  10. a number of locations

Q What do you particularly dislike to see within a music video?


A



  1. overly sexualized performers

  2. people acting tough who clearly aren't

  3. overly tanned performers

  4. bad make-up

  5. over-stylization

  6. poor timing

  7. a lack of originality

  8. little or no relevance to the lyrics

  9. people acting tough who clearly aren't

  10. overly sexualized performers


Q What do you particularly like to see within a music video?
A



  1. a strong narrative

  2. a strong narrative

  3. strong visuals/original style

  4. fashion

  5. strong visuals/original style

  6. originality

  7. humour

  8. quick visuals

  9. a good musical performance

  10. originality


Q Do you commonly watch music video's online? (4+/week)
A



  1. No

  2. No

  3. Yes

  4. Yes

  5. Yes

  6. No

  7. Yes

  8. Yes

  9. No

  10. Yes


Q Do you commonly watch music videos on television? (4+/week)
A



  1. Yes

  2. Yes

  3. Yes

  4. No

  5. Yes

  6. No

  7. No

  8. No

  9. No

  10. Yes


Q Do you prefer a clear narrative or a strong performance within a music video?
A



  1. Strong musical performance

  2. Strong musical performance

  3. Strong musical performance

  4. Clear narrative

  5. Clear narrative

  6. Strong musical performance

  7. Strong musical performance

  8. Clear narrative

  9. Clear narrative

  10. Clear Narrative


Q In the past six months have you legally purchased an album?
A



  1. Yes

  2. Yes

  3. No

  4. No

  5. No

  6. No

  7. No

  8. No

  9. Yes

  10. Yes


Q If yes to the above, did you purchase a CD in store or via download?
A


1. Via download


2. Via download


9. CD in store


10. Via Download



Q Would you say that, overall, you prefer a single to feature a music video, or that it be left to the imagination?
A



  1. Video

  2. Video

  3. No Video

  4. Video

  5. Video

  6. Video

  7. No Video

  8. No Video

  9. Video

  10. No Video



Q Do you think it's important for a music video to be directly relevant to the lyrics of a song?
A



  1. Quite important

  2. Not important

  3. Very important

  4. Very important

  5. Very important

  6. Very important

  7. Not important

  8. Very important

  9. Quite important

  10. Very important

The results of this analysis give both corresponding and juxtaposed opinions of what an audience defines to be the trope traits of music videos. In response to question one, the majority of responses were entirely different, providing a subtle clue as to what an audience perceives to expect within a music video - variety. Also, the majority of responses referred to something directly aesthetic - suggesting that people have come to expect a certain level of visual originality. The responses to question two correspond with the aforementioned result - one response expressing succinct disdain of absent originality. Also in correlation with responses to the previous question, many of the objects of animosity within music videos were directly aesthetic, such as the overt sexualization of performers and poorly synced lyrics. Responses regarding the third inquiry included, most particularly, an originality in both video aesthetic as well as narrative, and the successful execution of both. Enforcing this evidence, responses towards a later question suggest an audience is evenly divided in terms of their preference between a clear narrative, and a strong visual performance. Also, a surprising number of respondents, although admittedly still a minority, would not necessarily expect a music video to be clearly, directly representative of the lyrics of a song.

Saturday, 25 September 2010

Analysis of BLINK 182 - STAY TOGETHER FOR THE KIDS Official Music Video

The video opens with a clear message - white text, black backdrop, reading "50 percent of all American households are destroyed by divorce."
This emotive opening is emulated throughout the production. The band members stand in a derelict household; no panes of glass in the windows remain, wooden joists and structural beams are exposed, the paint flaked and decayed - the house nothing but the withered skeleton of its former self. Connotations are inevitably drawn - the derelict building represents the literal epitome of the phrase "broken home." The camera cuts between extreme close ups of the graffiti, and the wrecking ball swaying not ten feet from what remains of the walls. The presence and portrayal of the graffiti might well be a suggestive of youth, plausibly angered youth, a connotation reflected in the song title. We witness close ups of discarded, flat tin cans, the camera pivoting across the rib-like roof beams, rays of light illuminating the smog of dust and scattered debris. The miasma might well represent a confusion or lack of direction, while it's lingering existence, and that of the litter, denote neglect.
The camera proceeds to pan along a collection of adolescents, idle and each with a look of total indifference. We cut to a close up of a particular individual, enforcing the visage of an exhausted sort of sadness.
As the video progresses, a rhythm is established - each chorus, the aforementioned wrecking ball crashes against the adolescent's haunt as the camera begins to shake as we witness footage of the band performing and the teenager's ensuing mosh; effectively allowing the audience a glimpse of actually being present at the demolition.
The established formula of slow, bleak, details of the house itself, and the pandemonious chorus footage of the wrecking ball's effects and the resident's reactions continues throughout, the already crippled dwelling spiralling further towards nothing but rubble as the song continues. Eventually, the inhabitants themselves begin to tear down beams, strip plaster, hurl aimless trashed matter, to the degree of the band's eventual departure, at which point the vandals turn upon the instruments. This final act of desctruction might well be construed as highly telling - that a cycle has become established in the lives of the teenagers present; those whose parents seperate are likely to struggle to sustain healthy marriages in the future, suggested specifically by the teenagers, whose household was broken by a third party, then destroying the functional instruments of others - thus acting as the destructive third party themselves.








Analysis of MY CHEMICAL ROMANCE - TEENAGERS Official Music Video

As the title suggests, the track Teenagers by My Chemical Romance, both in lyrics and video, is centred around the adolescent demographic. A highly stylized group in all aspects, including the colouration of album colours coordinated with costumes in live performances and merchandise, the video for the single Teenagers differs little from the trend, with black and bold red featured front and foremost.
The entirety of the video is set within a high-school environment, a dark concert hall, retaining the familiar palette. On opening, red drapes hang as a backdrop to the band on the stage, dressed head to toe in black, and accompanied by a cheer-leading squad (also sporting scarlet), the unmissable separating feature from the portrayed squad and an orthodox team being that they each wear World War II-esque gas masks. From the off this suggests many connotations. Gas masks in purpose are to prevent suffocation, the word "suffocating" often used throughout media to represent feelings of repression, of being crowded or the sense that a decision or decisions that ought to be one's own to make are in another's hands. This theme of rebellion against a predestined existence are commonly expressed throughout teenage-orientated media, as they have been for decades since the existence of the anarchical punk movements, even dating back to the activities of the Edelweiss Pirates in the late 1930's. The most common connotation of the phrase "youth-culture" is individuality, or rather a unified sense of self opposed to one aspect of the adult world or the other, whether it be the opinion of a parent on an adolescent's fashion sense or their taste in music -animosity towards any form of dictation is the heart of the matter. This theory is strengthened as the video progresses, as the masked cheerleaders take up police batons, incorporated into their dance routine. The police force are yet another trope villain portrayed throughout the media in teen-targeted productions, the epitome of upholding order and retaining a formulaic structure, governing civilians through endless maxims as much as formal law. The cheerleader countenance itself is a high-school cliche throughout the media - representative of what's presumed to be an exclusive club for the popular and pretty, an interesting contrast to the alternative style of music.
The lyrics to the song essentially capture the heart of this iconography - "They're gonna clean up your looks, with all the lies in the book, to make a citizen out of you. Because they sleep with a gun, and keep an eye on you son, so they can watch all the things you do." "They" are in this case representative of parents, teachers and adults in general. The lyric "to make a citizen out of you" clearly denotes conformity, as "keep an eye on you son" denotes the big-brother system of control and regulation, all-too-commonly portrayed as particularly offensive to adolescents.
As the video progresses, a congregation of black-clad teenagers, presumed to be pupils, swarm the auditorium. Initially apprehensive, the situation escalates to a riotous mosh, followed by the eventual raiding of the stage itself in which the band are humorously trampled. This brawl is initiated as the aforementioned red-drapes drop, revealing images of the nuclear mushroom cloud, synonymous in iconography to that of the gas masks. The phrase "to go nuclear" is often translated to define absolute drastic action, or to describe a course of action resulting from being pushed to the metaphorical edge and having to react excessively in order to reclaim hypothetical lost land.
In summary, both the lyrics and video represent in their entirety the same key theme - the theme concisely put forth at the off by the song-title: the emergence of the relatively recent term "teenagers" where once there was no such noun, and the connotations it holds, whether fabricated by media production, grounded in reality, or most commonly a combination of the two.








Analysis of EMINEM FT RIHANNA - LOVE THE WAY YOU LIE Official Music Video

This video, like many others, is comprised of footage used to compose a parallel narrative, as well as clips of performances by both artists in-keeping with the theme of said narrative. As far as the performances go, both artists appear separately, shown in time with their respective verses of the song.
Initially, Rihanna, singing chorus, is portrayed in close up miming the song lyrics, a backdrop of fire behind her. The theme of flames is a key element throughout the production.
However, Eminem is featured at first in a perfectly ordinary corn-field, clear blue skies behind him - a stark contrast to the fire, suggesting a calm equilibrium opposed to the many connotations of fire - namely danger, pain, energy or passion, and in essence, destruction.
The narrative footage is comprised of two main protagonists - a female character, portrayed by Megan Fox, opposite her presumed boyfriend, portrayed by Dominic Monaghan. By the forty-second mark, it appears their relationship has become turbulent, and a somewhat violent argument breaks out, juxtaposed by fast cuts to Eminem rapping the lyrics. Their argument proceeds to slow, only to once again escalate - a theme represented previously by the motif of fire - unpredictability. Also, the well known phrase of "playing with fire" - portrayed bluntly by Megan Fox's character literally doing so within the video.
This is strongly suggestive of the state of their relationship - that on the one hand, it's seen as exciting, and on the other, merely dangerous. This connotation is strengthened as the chorus returns, and the couple reconcile despite their heated infighting.
This theme, of a love/hate, unstable relationship is underlined throughout by a variety of scenes - Monaghan's character lonely at a bar while Fox's sits alone, appearing dejected at their home - her crying, him putting his fist through a wall, spliced between footage of them both enjoying themselves. The lyrics of the song consistently reflect this message - the chorus, sung by Rihanna, featuring the lyric "I love the way you lie." "Love" offers obvious connotations of enjoyment - a deep emotional bond, while contrasted starkly to the word "lie," offering nothing but negative connotations such as betrayal of trust.
As the video draws to a close, the actual house in which the narrative is largely staged is aflame - a climactic conclusion, seemingly unavoidable due to the desultory nature of their relationship. As the flames consume their home, the denotations lend themselves to a clear conclusion - the destructive quality of the relationship will, in the end, become all-consuming, a negative throughout many aspects of their individual lives, yet, they will prolong it, because neither protagonist can exist, in contentment, alone.

Monday, 20 September 2010

Analysis of JOHNNY CASH - HURT Official Music Video

A swansong of sorts, Johnny Cash's 2003 single "Hurt" features a medley of archived and contemporary footage to represent, in essence, a human life. Arguably, the modern footage is tinted sepia in order to add a retrovert touch and better meld together with older excerpts featured elsewhere throughout the video. Johnny cash himself is featured, aged significantly from as his original audience remember him, alone, in a darkened home, bustling with antiquities - connotations of a life exhibited are clear.
A picture of his mother hangs on the wall behind him, perfectly in-keeping with the blunt truth of the lyrics: "Everyone I know goes away - In the end," is but one of many examples to suggest nostalgia as a burgeoning theme featured. Many other examples are carefully strewn throughout of such reminiscence. Footage of Cash's wife June Carter, both in her younger days and featured in photography in her latter years, is presented in a montage, adding greatly to a sense of wishful reminiscence as opposed to what might be construed as merely pangs of remorse. Cash continues to break the fourth wall almost continually when present in the video, adding greatly towards an emotive and personal performance.
As Cash sits alone at a banquet table, still amongst shadows, the video once again aligns itself with the lyrics to present a simple honesty - that "...you could have it all" - that possessions, regardless of physical value, are of little worth when one's confined to isolation. In a similar fashion, the value of Cash's coveted Golden Record reward, in Cash's own eyes, is clear - lying shattered in his "closed to the public" memorial museum - another paramount testament to his opinions on the importance of physical belongings and renown. This belief is solidified in the now iconic lyric, "My empire of dirt."

Analysis of TYSON: THE MOVIE

Tyson: the Movie opens as infinite media productions do - the credits roll as due. A simple font choice is livened by a spectrum of colours - unarguably suggestive of the subject matter, namely, Tyson himself's colourful life. This introduction is furthered by the use of several clips of footage from Tyson's fights, extracted from archived footage, sliding on and fading out of view in and amongst the credits themselves. This dynamic representation of extracts might well be suggestive yet again of a somewhat diverse and unorthodox past, in essence non-linear - Tyson begins the interview process discussing his school-days, many years before the events displayed throughout the opening credits. Black backdrop of the footage is reminiscent of many feature films, as opposed to documentaries, adding to a sense of drama and lacing the format with a touch of the silver-screen, as does the fade effect introducing and ending the appearance of each credited name. Similarly, the fight footage presented begins with an establishing shot, as do many movies. Adversely, a repeat or replay effect is present several times in the opening alone, adding to the sense of traditional sports coverage juxtaposed to the drama of cinema. The title itself, merely Tyson's own surname, is emblazoned upon the black backdrop in a similar font to prominent sportswear manufacturers Everlast and Lonsdale, shaded with flames through graphic imagery, once again elevating the sense of drama and individuality previously denoted.

Monday, 11 January 2010

Analysis of THE MEN WHO JUMP OFF BUILDINGS

First broadcast on Channel 4 on Wednesday 28 July 2010, The Men Who Jump Off Buildings documents the lives and exploits of several base-jumping "adrenaline junkies". The simple fact that the documentary was broadcast by the 4 Network suggest several factors. For one, the documentary will most likely be presented in a manner to better correlate with Channel 4's general demographic of young adults.

The documentary opens with an establishing shot of the London skyline and features contrasted white lettering stating the location and time: 5:00am. Already this creates a sense of intrigue, 5:00am being an unusual time to both be filming and for any activity prospectively to be filmed to be taking place. We cut to a medium shot tracking horizontally a man walking along a street, attired in some sort of sports gear, yet again suggesting several connotations early on - the sports gear is relatively generic in terms of what activities could be done whilst wearing it. Low, slow non-diegetic music begins to play alongside his journey as the camera cuts to observe him entering a security code to gain access to a building. Already there have been several suggestions of what's to come - something unusual and illicit.
The camera proceeds to follow the man into an elevator, at which point we gain a medium shot, betraying his expression - his frown suggests anxiety, and a close-up reveals him to be wearing an altitude meter in place of a watch.

A hand-held camera proceeds to follow the man onto the roof, the unsteady music continuing, until pausing as the first man meets a second - for what appears to be the first time - and is led inside to reveal that the house in which he's entered is atop a building, the skyline spanning beyond the balcony. This in itself appears fairly extraordinary; initially, that a stranger would intentionally visit this man in his high-rise home, and that the sun's hardly risen - an unusual hour within which to make a first impression. The camera pans across the view below, before the original character followed hands over several £20 notes to the stranger who's home he stands in. The intrigue is built, the prospective audience's curiosity built, this brief exchange shown deliberately in order to cement viewer's fascination regardless of their prior knowledge to the documentary's context.

Analysis of MY DAD THE SERIAL KILLER

First broadcast Friday 30th January 2009, MY DAD THE SERIAL KILLER documents the aftermath of a traumatic revelation on the family involved - the family of Levi Bellfield, who in 2008 was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murders of two women and the attempted murder of a third.
Unusually for such dark subject matter, the opening of the documentary is portrayed alongside largely upbeat music, a sharp and purposeful contrast to the information awaiting viewers. The idea of such bright footage juxtaposed with an uplifting soundtrack would suggest that this documentary is something other than a documentary portraying a serial killers crimes, as the title originally suggested - this documentary is about the people who survived the killer, and their attempts to live normal and fulfilling lives after the fact.

A voice-over begins, that of the central narrator and eldest daughter of the serial killer in question. She begins by introducing herself and members of her family as footage of each is portrayed taking part in every day teenage social activities. The theme of contrast continues, and an emotional response is built by these close-ups alongside information fed to the audience via the voice-over, introducing personal details and essentially building characters with which the audience can relate.
This fairly idyllic start inevitably heads towards the darker subject of the matter at hand within a minute - the voice-over states having deliberately not mentioned her father, an image of whom is then portrayed - recognizable to the majority of the prospective audience from newspapers and the national news at the time of the event. The tone for the majority of the documentary is then set, and footage cuts in of London at night, continuing to show several more clips of similar footage as archived narration of actual news coverage of the story is played, loose reenactments of the crimes themselves and police-evidence footage shown shortly afterwards to hammer home the sharp descent in tone.